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10x Genomics
Chromium Single Cell Gene Expression

What is Cell Ranger?

Cell Ranger is a set of analysis pipelines that process Chromium single-cell RNA-seq output to align reads, generate feature-barcode matrices and perform clustering and gene expression analysis. Cell Ranger includes four pipelines relevant to single-cell gene expression experiments:

These pipelines combine Chromium-specific algorithms with the widely used RNA-seq aligner STAR. Output is delivered in standard BAM, MEX, CSV, HDF5 and HTML formats that are augmented with cellular information.

Workflows

If you are beginning with raw base call (BCL) files, the Cell Ranger workflow starts with demultiplexing the BCL files for each flowcell directory. 10x recommends using cellranger mkfastq as described in Generating FASTQs. If you are beginning with FASTQ files that have already been demultiplexed with bcl2fastq directly, or from a public source such as SRA, you can skip cellranger mkfastq and begin with cellranger count. Please see the Specifying Input FASTQs page for specific guidelines on which arguments to use for your scenario.

The exact steps of the workflow vary depending on how many samples, GEM wells, and flowcells you have. This section describes the different possible workflows.

One Sample, One GEM Well, One Flowcell

cellranger basic

In this example you have one sample that is processed through one GEM well (a set of partitioned cells from a single 10x Chromiumâ„¢ Chip channel) and sequenced on one flowcell. In this case you would generate FASTQs using cellranger mkfastq, and run cellranger count as described in Single-Sample Analysis.

This example also illustrates two sequencing libraries. A single GEM well can yield multiple libraries: one Gene Expression library, and one or more Feature Barcode libraries.

One Sample, One GEM well, Multiple Flowcells

cellranger multiple sequencing runs

In this example you have one sample that is processed through one GEM well then you generate one library which is sequenced across multiple flowcells. This may be done to increase sequencing depth, for example. In this case all of the reads can be combined in a single instance of the cellranger count pipeline. This process is described in Specifying Input Fastqs.

One Sample, Multiple GEM Wells, One Flowcell

cellranger multiple libraries

In this example you have one sample that is processed through multiple GEM wells. This is often done when conducting technical replicate experiments. The libraries from the GEM wells are then pooled onto one flowcell and sequenced. In this case you demultiplex the data from the sequencing run and then run the libraries from each GEM well through a separate instance of cellranger count. Once those are completed, you can perform a combined analysis using cellranger aggr, as described in Multi-Library Aggregation. (See figure above.)

Multiple Samples, Multiple GEM Well, One Flowcell

cellranger multiple samples

In this example you have multiple samples that are processed through multiple GEM wells which generate multiple libraries and are pooled onto one flowcell. In this case, after demultiplexing, you must run cellranger count separately for each GEM well. For instance, if your experiment involves two samples then you will have to run cellranger count two times. Then you can aggregate them with a single instance of cellranger aggr, as described in Multi-Library Aggregation.

Chemistry

Libraries Supported

The library support of Cell Ranger 5.0 and previous versions is summarized in the tables below.

Single Cell Gene Expression Solution CR 5.0 CR 4.0 CR 3.1 CR 3.0 CR 2.2
3’ Gene Expression v2 Libraries
3’ Gene Expression v3 Libraries
3’ Gene Expression v3 + Cell Surface Protein Libraries
3’ Gene Expression v3 + CRISPR Screening Libraries
3’ Cell Surface Protein Libraries only
3’ CRISPR Screening Libraries only
Single Cell Immune Profiling Solution CR 5.0 CR 4.0 CR 3.1 CR 3.0 CR 2.2
5’ Gene Expression Libraries
5’ Gene Expression + V(D) J Enriched Libraries
5’ Gene Expression + Cell Surface Protein Libraries
5’ Gene Expression + Cell Surface Protein + V(D) J Enriched Libraries
V(D) J Enriched Libraries
V(D) J Enriched + Cell Surface Protein Libraries
5’ Cell Surface Protein Libraries only